Campylobacter
This assay is only available as part of a panel and cannot be ordered individually.
Campylobacter infection is the most common cause of acute bacterial diarrhea in the European Union (EU) and Canada.1,2 In the United States (US), Campylobacter infection was the second most common cause of bacterial infection with an incidence of 13.6 per 100,000 in 2010.3 In the EU, the highest incidence was in children under the age of five and younger, with a seasonal peak in the number of cases from June to August.1 Campylobacter, a Gram-negative curved rod, is a genus in the family Campylobacteriaceae and has 16 species.4 Most human Campylobacter infections in industrialized countries are caused by C. jejuni, C. coli, and C. lari with an estimated 0.8 million cases of foodborne illness due to Campylobacter per year in the US.1,2,5-7 Campylobacter species are responsible for approximately 15 percent of hospitalizations resulting from foodborne infections.8 Generally, campylobacteriosis presents as one to three days of fever, vomiting, and headaches followed by three to seven days of watery or bloody diarrhea with abdominal pain. Campylobacter enteritis has been identified as an important risk factor for the development of inflammatory bowel disease. Guillain Barré syndrome may also result from infection with C. jejuni .6,7
References
1. European Food Safety Authority, European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. The European Union Summary Report on Trends and Sources of Zoonoses, Zoonotic Agents and Foodborne Outbreaks in 2009. EFSA Journal 2011. 2011;9(3):2090. [378pp.] Available online: http://www.efsa.europa.eu/en/efsajournal/pub/2090.htm
2. National Enteric Surveillance Program (NESP). Annual Summary of Laboratory Surveillance Data for Enteric Pathogens in Canada. Public Health Agency of Canada. Available from: http://www.nml-lnm.gc.ca/NESP-PNSME/assets/pdf/NESP_2009_ANNUAL_REPORT_ENG.PDF
3. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Vital Signs: Incidence and Trends of Infection with Pathogens Transmitted Commonly Through Food - Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network, 10 U.S. Sites, 1996-2010. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2011 Jun 10;60(22):749-55.
4. Schlenker C, Surawicz CM. Emerging infections of the gastrointestinal tract. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol. 2009;23(1):89-99.
5. Scallan E, Hoekstra RM, Angula FJ, et al. Foodborne illness acquired in the United States--major pathogens. Emerg Infect Dis. 2011 Jan;17(1):7-15.
6. Dasti JI, Tareen AM, Lugert R, Zautner AE, Gross U. Campylobacter jejuni: a brief overview on pathogenicity-associated factors and disease-mediating mechanisms. Int J Med Microbiol. 2010 Apr;300(4):205-11.
7. Moore JE, Corcoran D, Dooley JS, et al. Campylobacter. Vet Res. 2005 May-Jun;36(3):351-82.
Specimens are approved for testing in New York only when indicated in the Specimen Information field above.
The CPT codes provided are based on Viracor Eurofins' interpretation of the American Medical Association's Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes and are provided for general informational purposes only. CPT coding is the sole responsibility of the billing party. Questions regarding coding should be addressed to your local Medicare carrier. Viracor Eurofins assumes no responsibility for billing errors due to reliance on the CPT codes illustrated in this material.