Parainfluenza types 1, 2, 3, 4
This assay is only available as part of a panel and cannot be ordered individually.
Human parainfluenza viruses (HPIVs) are negative-sense, single-stranded enveloped RNA viruses. Spread by coughing and/or sneezing, close contact with the infected or touching infected objects/surfaces and touching one's mouth, nose or eyes, Human parainfluenza viruses (HPIVs) cause upper and lower respiratory illnesses in infants and young children. Older adults and those with weakened immune systems are also at an increased risk for more severe symptoms. There are four types of HPIV: HPIV-1 and HPIV-2 cause croup and cold-like symptoms; HPIV-3 is more often associated with bronchiolitis, bronchitis and pneumonia; and HPIV-4 which is less common but can cause mild to severe respiratory illness.